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On June 27, 2024, the United States Supreme Court (the “Court”) affirmed the Fifth Circuit’s ruling in SEC v. Jarkesy and held that a defendant facing civil penalties in a securities fraud claim brought by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) has a right to a jury trial in a federal court.1 Specifically, the Court held that the SEC’s attempt to compel respondents to defend themselves before the agency, namely in an administrative proceeding before an Administrative Law Judge (“ALJ”) employed by the SEC, violates respondents’ Seventh Amendment right to a jury trial in cases where the SEC pursues civil penalties. Accordingly, this decision will likely limit the number of future SEC actions adjudicated by an ALJ in an administrative forum due to the restriction on the available remedies.Continue Reading SEC v. Jarkesy: A Divided Supreme Court Holds That the SEC Cannot Seek Civil Penalties through an Administrative Proceeding

On August 8, 2023, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC” or the “Commission”) announced that 11 Wall Street firms (10 broker-dealer firms and one dually-registered investment adviser) agreed to settle charges for failing to properly maintain and preserve electronic communications relating to firm business. This included text messages and other messages sent through applications contained on personal devices of employees and not subject to firm record retention systems (referred to as “off-channel communications”). The announcement underscores that regulatory scrutiny of recordkeeping obligations remains a high priority for the SEC’s Division of Enforcement. Specifically, the SEC continues to focus on holding registered entities accountable for failing to maintain and preserve off-channel communications pursuant to statutory requirements. As part of the settlements, the firms agreed to pay combined penalties of $289 million, admit liability, and implement improvements to their respective compliance policies and procedures.Continue Reading Regulatory Scrutiny of “Off-Channel” Communications Continues: 11 Wall Street Firms Agree to Pay the SEC $289 Million in Civil Money Penalties for Recordkeeping Violations

OnFebruary 9, 2023, the SEC Charged Payward Ventures, Inc. and Payward Trading Ltd. (d/b/a Kraken) (collectively, “Kraken”) with violating Sections 5(a) and 5(c) of the Securities Act for operating a crypto asset “staking-as-a-service program” without properly completing the registration process.  According to the SEC, a staking program allows investors to lock up “their crypto tokens